常山口服液抗鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫广东分离株的疗效研究

研究旨在明确常山口服液治疗鸡球虫病的疗效和最佳给药剂量。试验选取90只14日龄健康雏鸡,随机分为9组,每组10只,即常山口服液组(分别为2.5、5.0、15.0、25.0、35.0、50.0 m L/L水剂量)、妥曲珠利组(1 m L/L水)、感染对照组和健康对照组。除健康对照组外,每只鸡接种7×104个柔嫩艾美耳球虫广东分离株的孢子化卵囊,饮水给药7 d,观察其疗效。结果显示,常山口服液各剂量组其盲肠和十二指肠的肿胀现象较感染对照组明显减轻,血液性内容物明显减少,抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为87.7、136.2、141.8、136.2、109.7和108.0,均高于感染对照组;常山口服液按5.0、15.0及25.0 m L/L水剂量给药,抗球虫指数均高于对照药物妥曲珠利组(ACI=124.8)。结果表明,人工感染条件下,常山口服液较化学药物妥曲珠利具有更好的抗球虫疗效,且作为中药提取物,疗效对比试验效果较为理想。     

人参中人参皂苷Ro和姜状三七皂苷R_1的含量测定

目的测定不同种类人参,人参不同部位中,红参加工过程中人参皂苷Ro(简称Ro)和姜状三七皂苷R1(简称R1)的含量含量。方法:采用HPLC的方法,对样品预处理及色谱条件进行优化。结果:鲜参中Ro和R1含量比红参中含量高;不同部位中Ro和R1的含量差异为:芦头参须主根;红参加工过程中的蒸制使Ro含量升高,R1含量降低。结论本文所建立的人参中人参皂苷Ro和姜状三七皂苷R1的含量测定方法准确、稳定可靠。     

“芪蓝饮”及不同提取成分对NDV在鸡胚成纤维细胞中增殖的影响

为评价新兽药"芪蓝饮"及其不同提取成分的体外抗病毒活性,本试验通过细胞病变抑制法和MTT比色法检测了各提取成分对新城疫病毒(NDV)感染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)过程的影响。结果显示,在3种加药方式中"芪蓝饮"原药(QLY)直接杀灭NDV的作用最强,其抑制率最高为128.85%;原药总多糖(TPS)干扰NDV的增殖作用最强,其抑制率最高为130.23%;原药总萜类(TT)直接杀灭NDV的作用最强,其抑制率最高为146.15%;板蓝根总生物碱(RIA)及其水溶性部位(RIAw)和酸性部位(RIAa)对抗NDV的方式是多环节的。综上所述,"芪蓝饮"及其提取成分表现出较强的干扰NDV增殖和直接杀灭NDV的作用,而阻断作用稍弱。     

威灵仙酒炙提取工艺研究

以威灵仙根部为原料,采用黄酒用量、干燥条件、提取时间三因素,三水平的L9（34）正交试验设计,以水煎物干膏提取率、薄层层析检测威灵仙中的三萜皂苷为主要考核指标。结果表明：黄酒用量对威灵仙总皂苷提取率有极显著影响,烘干条件有显著影响,提取时间对试验结果影响不显著,表明影响因素最大的是黄酒用量,其次是干燥条件。     

中药黄芪在家禽生产中的应用研究

文章概述了中药免疫增强剂黄芪在家禽生产中的应用现状,并对其作用机制进行阐述,为进一步深入研究指明方向。     

板蓝根、黄芪对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的体外抑制作用

为了解中草药黄芪、板蓝根对病毒增殖的抑制作用,对黄芪、板蓝根及二者联合使用在Marc-145的单层细胞上对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)增殖的抑制作用进行了研究。结果表明,板蓝根能够显著抑制PRRSV体外增殖,对PRRSV的最小直接杀灭浓度为0.195 mg/mL,最小阻断浓度为0.097 mg/mL;黄芪对PRRSV增殖的抑制作用较弱。板蓝根、黄芪联合使用时对PRRSV的抑制作用显著增强,板蓝根对PRRSV的最小直接杀灭浓度降为0.097 mg/mL,最小阻断浓度降为0.049 mg/mL。     

肝毒净颗粒的质量控制研究

对栀子和黄芩进行薄层色谱鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定肝毒净颗粒中绿原酸含量.色谱柱为C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.4%磷酸水溶液（8∶ 92）,检测波长为324.5 nm.绿原酸在0.161 6～1.292 8 mg范围内,峰面积与其呈良好线性关系（r= 0.999 9）,平均回收率为99.19% （n=6）,RSD=1.26%.本方法可用于控制肝毒净颗粒的质量.     

Study on the Anti-Escherichia coli Activity and Mechanism of Water Extract of Radix isatidis Powder

In order to explore the antibacterial activity and mechanism of the Radix isatidis powder water extract,the effects of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the morphology and structure of Escherichia coli (E.coli) were tested by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The effects of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the conductivity and total leakage rate of E.coli and the content of alkaline phosphatase in the culture medium of the content of protein,DNA and RNA were stained by DAPI to detect the effect of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the nucleic acid of E.coli,and the effect of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the metabolism of E.coli in vivo,in vitro,ALT,AST,pyruvic acid and ATP.The results showed that after the Radix isatidis powder water extract acted on E.coli for 10 h,it was observed by SEM that the bacteria appeared to overflow and shrink,the length of the bacteria became shorter obviously,many residues were formed due to breakage,some of them were sunken in the middle and deformed.Under TEM,it was observed that the boundary of the cell wall of E.coli was unclear,the wall membrane was zigzag,deformed and some of the bacteria were broken.The protein content outside the cell was significantly different from that in the blank control group from 8 h (P<0.01), and that in the cell from 4 h (P<0.01). DNA content had no significant difference with blank control group before 12 h (P>0.05), but had significant difference with blank control group from 16 h (P<0.01); RNA content began to decrease at 8 h, and was significantly different from blank control group at 12 h (P<0.05), and was extremely significant from 16 h (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between ALT and AST (P>0.05). The pyruvate content in culture medium and bacteria was higher than that in blank control group, and the difference was very significant from 4 h (P<0.01). The ATP content in the culture medium was significantly different from that in the blank control group (P<0.01), and the ATP content in the cell was significantly different from that in the blank control group from 4 h (P<0.01).In conclusion,the Radix isatidis powder water extract could inhibit the synthesis and metabolism of bacterial genetic material and the content of pyruvate and ATP by destroying the integrity of cell wall and cell membrane.     

加工方法对鄄白芍芍药苷含量的影响

目的：比较不同加工方式对鄄白芍中芍药苷含量的影响。方法：从山东省菏泽市鄄城县芍药产区采集新鲜的芍药根,采用去皮后蒸煮不同时间和不同时间蒸煮后去以及蒸煮后不同温度干燥的加工方法,HPLC检测芍药苷含量,确定鄄白芍最佳初加工方法,同时考察了不同部位芍药苷含量的差异。结果：蒸煮后去皮的芍药苷含量大于去皮后蒸煮的含量,最佳初加工工艺为煮制45分钟后去皮,烘干温度60℃。不同根部鄄白芍中芍药苷含量变化为芍药头>须根>主根;不同纵切面芍药苷含量变化为白芍韧皮部>白芍外皮部>白芍木质部。不同器官中芍药苷含量变化为根>叶>茎>花。结论：鄄白芍的最佳初加工方式为煮45min后再去皮,60℃烘干。芍药头中芍药苷含量最高。     

联合式前胡收获机设计与试验

针对丘陵山区前胡收获工作效率低、劳动强度大、无专用机型等问题,设计了一款联合式前胡收获机。在阐述前胡收获机整机结构和工作原理的基础上,结合前胡收获农艺要求,对挖掘装置、输送装置的结构及工作参数进行了理论分析与结构设计,确定收获机挖掘装置和输送装置的结构与工作参数。对振动装置、分离装置工作过程的临界状况进行受力分析,确定收获机振动筛和圆筒筛工作参数范围。以工作效率、损失率、损伤率和含杂率为指标,对收获机样机进行了田间试验。结果表明：收获机以最小前进速度0.8 m·s^-1和最大前进速度1.2 m·s^-1作业时,工作效率分别为0.19和0.28 hm²·h^-1,损失率分别为3.56%和3.62%,损伤率分别为2.83%和2.79%,含杂率为3.28%和3.67%。前胡收获机各项工作指标符合行业标准。研究结果可为根茎类作物收获机械的设计提供参考。